Full-Length Study-Mode Exam

According to Freud, the three personality levels develop chronologically in which of the following orders?

Freudian theory asserts that traits of the anal character include

Behavioral family therapists are most apt to use which technique?

Which of the following answers correctly gives Gilligan’s level during which girls learn that women are supposed to be predominantly caretakers?

Which of the following would be listed as competing tendencies in an outline of Erikson’s theory?

All of the following are considered developmental components of career education programs EXCEPT:

A metabolic defect which causes intellectual disability in newborns is

Which of the following theorists is credited with being the first feminist-based critic of Freud?

The stage of human growth and development where sex-related differences take root is during

Cabral and Salomone contend that in accident theory the effect of chance or career decisions includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Career counseling resources are available in printed media formats (e.g., Dictionary of Occupational Titles or Occupational Outlook Handbook) as well as computerized formats (e.g., CHOICES, DISCOVER II, SIGI, or ECES ). A client using and comparing these resources will find a main difference between the two formats to be the

Which of the following may occur during middle adulthood?

At any given point in the session a therapist using a structural perspective might align himself/herself with one member of the family. Which of the following terms most accurately describes this alignment?

According to Super, career development

The theory that job satisfaction and work adjustment result from correspondence between individual and environment is attributed to

Which of the following neurotransmitters most affects learning/attention?

Which of the following statements most closely represents the essence of Guthrie’s Law of Learning?

The classification system published by the Department of Labor which lists over 20,000 occupations in ascending order and uses a nine-digit code system is the

The term that is used to describe an infant who fails to thrive due to separation from a good caregiver for a prolonged period is

John Holland’s typology theory has had great impact on career research, assessment, and counseling as it specifies six modal personal orientation themes which are represented in a hexagonal modal. His theory is best described as a

One of your clients is an 11-year-old boy. His mother has told you that the boy witnessed a heated argument between her and the father shortly before the father was injured in a serious automobile accident. When you ask the boy about the argument, the boy says that he does not remember a parental argument. Freudian theory would conclude that the boy is manifesting

Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development cover the entire life span with successful resolution of conflict at each stage important to the next. The stage during which children need choices to develop independence is

The person most noted for his Human Resource Development model is

The theorist who developed a theory of career development using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is

Status attainment theory predicts

Which of the following answers most closely represents the stage in Erikson’s theory that correlates with Freud’s genital stage?

A split-brain person (according to Split-Brain Theory) is one who

During what period of the life span is the greatest segment of growth and development?

The majority of people who attempt suicide

Chartrand indicated that contemporary models of __________ approaches have evolved into “person x environment” approaches.

CACG Systems have been used in career guidance in which of the following ways?

Which of the following may occur during middle adulthood?

Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development cover the entire life span with successful resolution of conflict at each stage important to the next. The stage when one looks back over life and feels accomplishment is

A counselor who emphasizes the concepts of early experience, unconscious conflict, insight, and the individual family member is probably working from a

Which of the following answers most correctly includes techniques vital to Bowen’s family systems therapy?

Jerry’s family is a high income family consisting of his father, Bill; his mother, Susan; and two twin younger sisters, Janette and Keri. Jerry is 17 and is 7 years older than his sisters. Recently, though its been going on for long time, his parents have been arguing over how Bill is spending (wasting according to Susan) significant dollars on lottery tickets. Jerry has begun to stay away from home more and more to avoid the fighting. His father, though, sees Jerry’s staying out late as very poor decision making and is continually riding Jerry to come home earlier. Soon after Bill begins this, Susan joins in the attempt to get Jerry to act responsibly. Soon Bill and Susan are no longer fighting over Bill’s expenditures on lottery tickets. When this family finally decides to seek therapy because of Jerry’s behavior, which of the following terms would most likely be used to describe these three’s relationship?

A certain professional counselor is opening a practice in the professional building next to the hospital. She sets her fees for monthly consultation services on a job-by-job basis. Which of the following terms correctly labels the type of reinforcement schedule this counselor has put in place?

The decade of the 1980s is best known for what development in family therapy?

Collette, an infant, is offered a plate of squash, a vegetable she has never before seen. Collette overcomes her fear of putting something new in her mouth by mixing them with mashed potatoes, which she loves. Collette is resolving a conflict associated with which of Erikson’s stages?

Piaget is to __________ development as Erikson is to ___________ development.

Many factors come into play in career counseling. These include age, environment, expectations, etc. In career counseling, a person’s stated interests

Studies have shown that people generally make a career choice with the expectation that their career will contain all of the following dimensions EXCEPT:

The period of prenatal development that occurs between 3-8 weeks and during which time the major body structures and organs are developing is

Which of the following models of family therapy accepts the presenting problem as “the problem” and, then, sets to work on eliminating the problem?

Gelatt’s paradigm would lead a counselor to design a career development intervention which would focus on which of the following skills?

Which are the correct order of phases of development theorized by the psychodynamic family model?

Trait and Factor approaches focus on

A supervisor begins supervision with a therapist-in-training. She notices that the therapist is timid, unsure, and dependent on the supervisor. Which of the following statements would best reflect the developmental stage of the supervisee according to the Stoltenberg Model?

A key barrier to effective counseling of minorities, that often results in faulty diagnosis is

Carl Rogers identifies three conditions or characteristics that the counselor must exhibit for an effective counseling relationship as all of the following EXCEPT:

According to Rogers, the counselor was responsible for the counseling relationship. He determined that their were three core conditions which he called

A culturally skilled counselor may exhibit all of the following qualifies EXCEPT:

Effective usage of questioning techniques is a must for successful counselors. Select the question that seems MOST likely to build rapport and to clarify the clients’ understanding of an issue.

Colleen applies her complete thinking, feeling, and behavior toward her clients. She is using the helping skill referred to as

Select the statement that best reflects the basis for most therapist stress.

A therapist from a structural school would take time and use skill in joining the family so that he/she might be effective in working with the family. Which of the following statements is NOT an accurate description of joining?

Jill was seeing an older female client concerning issues of loss. During the course of therapy, Jill became aware of her need for the client’s approval. What term describes this projection by the therapist?

A nonjudgmental attitude toward the client is best reflected in the term

A counselor must first do which of the following to accurately label a multi-cultural client’s behavior as normal or abnormal?

According to Sue and Sue, barriers to effectively counseling minorities include all of the following EXCEPT:

Some therapists use in their therapy an altered state of consciousness involving extreme suggestibility known as

A counselor spends great effort in setting up a new interpersonal skills group for young professional business people. After only two sessions, the group size drops from twelve members to seven members. The reasons for drop outs vary and Yalom identifies all of the following as drop out reasons EXCEPT:

An ethnic group who maintains cultural uniqueness while sharing common elements of our dominant American culture would best be defined as maintaining

As a psychodrama is enacted in a group setting, the group members who comprise the audience are prompted to

The Martins have come to you for family therapy. They have lived in the area for eight years and are active in church and neighborhood activities. David is a hard working, loving father and husband. Mary is everything a wife and mother should be. Paul is busy being a typical, happy third grader. They all agree that sixth-grade Sherry is not happy. Sherry is the IP: the family member who

When Fritz Perls comments to the client, Gloria, that she is a phony baloney who has little intention of changing, he is challenging her to

A generalization, exaggerated or inaccurate, made by people about others within a culture is best described by the term

The principle of reciprocal inhibition could be correctly summarized by the statement

Which of the following is NOT necessary to create a binding legal contract?

Which of the following answers correctly corresponds to the existentialist perspective about anxiety?

Tony’s mom took him to a curandero when he began having stomach pains. Tony is probably

TA theory involves structural analysis, transactional analysis, script analysis, and game analysis. Three ego states of structural analysis are

Humanistic theory can be seen in which of the following approaches to helping a client reach full human potential?

Which type of conflict is described as having to choose between two or more goals with both positive and negative aspects?

A primary guideline for counselors utilizing reinforcement to facilitate client learning is that

In the psychoanalytic model of therapy, maintaining the analytic framework is critical to the accomplishment of goals. All of the following are NOT factors involved in this technique EXCEPT:

The parenting style of not using nor tolerating aggression when raising children produces children who are _______________?

In the classic research by Ivan Pavlov on the conditioned reflex in dogs, he presents food to a dog and the dog salivates. He then presents a tone just before the food, and the dog once again salivates. After repeated pairings of the tone and food, the dog salivates at the sound of the tone without the food being presented. In this study, the tone is

Of the following minority groups, which is usually considered to be most sensitive to non-verbal cues?

Martha’s counselor says “It seems you are feeling happy about your final choice, but little feelings of guilt keep coming at you at the same time and won’t let go.” Martha says “That is exactly how I feel”. This communication skill is called

Company executives decided to reduce the workload of their employees in hopes of improving performance. This is a behavioral technique called

Which of the following is generally linked to relapse and continued deterioration after treatment for alcohol abuse?

How are dreams dealt with in the Gestalt approach?

The repression of anxiety and replacing it with a less threatening object in a manner that is advantageous or acceptable in society is best described by

Which of the following is involved in self-disclosure?

Assume that you are leading an existential group. As such, your function is

Crisis intervention begins with

Which researcher is known for findings related to social learning theory of aggression?

Lori, a group member, saw herself as unlovable. She received feedback from other members indicating that they really cared for her. Now Lori is experiencing ____________________, defined as the gap created between her self-perception and the warm feelings generated in receiving the feedback.

At the insistence of his parents, Barry is seeking counseling for his problems with his college professors. Barry does admit that there are problems, but he does not see counseling as necessary for him personally since the problems are the result of his professors’ attitudes and actions. Barry is using the defense mechanism called

The person who believed that behavior is the result of learning through experience, who founded the school of thought called behaviorism, and whose ideas laid the groundwork for child rearing practices was

A type of consultation in which the consultant is considered an expert and assumes the role of problem-solver is

A characteristic of assertiveness training is that it

Which of the following is a technique that adds an underlying meaning to the verbal content of a client’s statement?

Two main categories of traits, according to Gordon Allport, are

Which of the following theorists is most noted for the development of humanistic theory?

The period of transition and growth according to Yalom’s group stages occurs in the

Following empirical research procedures, which of the following steps should be taken first?

The female part of the male psyche in Jungian analysis is called the

Which ethnic group organizes gender roles related to machismo and marianismo?

According to Jung, which of the following terms describes the masculine dimension of women?

John enjoys contact sports like boxing, football, and rugby, but John was taught as a child that physical violence was wrong. He is using the defense mechanism called

Beginning with an I/Thou basis for the therapeutic relationship the counselor uses a variety of techniques such as role plays, dream work, instructing clients to make “I statements” and asking “how” and “what” questions. This approach is the ____________ approach.

As a small boy, Max remembers going to church with his parents and playing with his brothers. His father died when Max was three, leaving his mother with no pension and three boys to care for. Times were very tough. Max’s mother often yelled at the boys, beat them, and cursed her life as an impoverished widow. Max was bright and energetic but he soon learned that his opportunities were lesser than those of many of his friends. Max began to think of himself as a have not and grew up under-functioning in most areas of his life while mistrusting others and believing that his circumstances were the result of others just not recognizing his potential or caring enough to help him out. From a TA perspective, Max’s life position is

The importance of a person’s position in the family constellation was recognized by which of the following theorists?

A basic truth regarding Beck’s cognitive-behavioral therapy is that it

Which of the following is NOT regarded as a behavioral technique?

Social learning-theory was developed by

Identify which factor is NOT generally considered a non-testing method of assessment.

Julie reports the following symptoms: chronic feelings of apprehension and worry, restless sleep, and being easily irritated. Which of the following is the most probable DSM-5 diagnosis?

You have been asked to work with a fifth-grade girl. Which of the following would be the best intelligence test to give her?

The mental disorder most closely associated with a serious violation of others’ rights is

The Beck Depression Inventory is administered to a client who is showing many symptoms of depression. The diagnostic sub-type of validity involved in such a test is referred to as

All of the following apply to Passive Aggressive Personality Disorder EXCEPT:

Tests that are designed to measure a person’s global ability to acquire and apply knowledge, giving particular attention to tasks of mental processing, and that produce scores which remain relatively stable after the age of seven years, may be referred to as

A popular interest assessment measure that yields 3 primary scales and 2 special scales and references scores to Holland’s typology is the

One criteria for the determination of schizophrenia in the DSM-5 is that a patient must, unless treated successfully, continuously exhibit symptoms such as delusions, disorganzied speech, hallucinations, or catatonic behavior for at least

Assume that a group mental test and an individual mental test are administered to an individual at the same sitting. When the tests are evaluated, the examiner may assume that the resulting validity correlation is a form of criterion validity called

Early personality inventories and projective techniques were designed primarily to

It is important for vocational counselors to make their clients aware of the distinction between

The MMPI-2 has as one of its strengths the fact that

The term that most appropriately labels abnormal parroting responses to words is

Which of the following answers is the correct range of a Correlation Coefficient?

One of your clients has scored a 118 on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale – 5th Edition. After taking into account the standard deviation, which of the following scores (range of scores) most accurately describes your client’s true score?

Which of the following scales on the MMPI-2 would describe a person who behaves impulsively without being bound by typical social rules?

The General Aptitude Test Battery was developed by

The most basic form of determining test reliability involving administration of a test on more than one occasion is known as

Crisis intervention is ________________, not _____________.

On a normal curve, the mean percentage equivalent score is

Which of the following would NOT be considered a cultural influence?

Crisis intervention would be LEAST likely to be applied to which of the following situations?

Don is counseling an elderly gentleman who is severely depressed and who has stated that following his wife’s death he looks forward to dying, himself. Don assumes this statement is appropriately a part of grieving and makes no particular follow-up to the comment. This is an example of

A correlation coefficient of +.83 means that there is

You wish to study the effect of positive reinforcement on subsequent behavior. You randomly assign 30 children to groups where the leader gives verbal reinforcement to children for appropriate behavior, and 30 children to groups where no verbal reinforcement is used. You then measure the number of compliant behaviors that children demonstrate in the group. You are conducting a/an ________________.

Which of the following answers is most correct?

The Hawthorne Effect can be a problem in psychological research. It appears when

Dividing a distribution into four parts yields four quarters. The three exact points between the four quarters are called

In the Humanistic theory, crises are seen as

On a standardized test with a normal distribution, Nancy had a PE score of 84%. Which of the following would be an inaccurate statement regarding her score?

The interquartile range is an ordinal statistic that is equal to

One of the main purposes of crisis treatment is to

Which of the following is generally viewed as the beginning of “crisis counseling?”

A school counselor conducts a study to determine whether male athletes are more likely than female athletes to receive athletic scholarship offers as part of their financial aid packages in college. Which of the following would be the most appropriate statistical test to determine whether there is a significant difference between the male and female athletes in receiving athletic scholarships?

In thinking about characteristics of effective crisis workers, which of the following would NOT be one of the professional skills necessary to be effective?

A correlation coefficient of +.42 means that there is

The goals of Crisis Management Briefing include all of the following EXCEPT:

David, a 28-year-old man, is experiencing severe social anxiety, making it challenging for him to maintain employment. What should be a priority in his treatment plan?

Consecutive stages of the counseling process, according to Cormier and Hackney, are

Which of the following terms defines the leader’s attempt to prepare members to assimilate, integrate, and apply in-group learning to everyday life?

Emily, a 28-year-old woman, struggles with disordered eating and body image issues. What should be included in her initial treatment plan?

David, a 40-year-old man, is diagnosed with major depressive disorder and severe sleep disturbances. What is a key aspect of his treatment plan?

There are three general considerations for counseling individuals in transition according to Schlossberg. They are

One important aspect to consider when planning therapeutic intervention is

Open counseling groups

John, a 50-year-old man, presents with alcohol addiction. What is the first step in his treatment plan?

Your client is a lady who is afraid of flying. “So where would you go if you weren’t afraid of flying?” “I’d go visit my sister in Wyoming!” Flying to Wyoming becomes the major goal. Using Operant Conditioning, you work out a list of goals with her and a schedule of reinforcements for each achieved goal. Each time she meets a goal she gets to buy something for her travel wardrobe or a piece of new luggage. Likewise, you work out a list of agreed to punishments. She completes Step #1 of her treatment plan of buying an airplane magazine. Next week you ask, “How’d it go? Did buying the magazine create any anxiety?” “No.” “Did you look through it?” “Yes.” “Any anxiety?” “No.” “OK – For next week, create a collage of airplanes and place yourself somewhere in that collage.” Having accomplished step #1, she gets to go buy her first piece of new luggage. When she comes in with the completed collage she gets to go buy her 2nd piece of luggage. However, since she couldn’t bring herself to walk through an airport terminal (Step #8), the agreed to punishment takes place: She has to return all of the luggage. Which of the following answers most closely describes the process of your client’s having successfully completed one step toward the overall goal?

According to Tiedeman, which of the following answers is the term used to encompass the steps of induction, reformation, and integration?

In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), what is the primary focus of treatment planning?

What is a potential limitation of using the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) in treatment planning?

During termination of counseling, it is important to help clients maximize the benefits of the therapeutic relationship while deciding how to continue to grow. Given this goal, which of the following tasks is most appropriate?

JoAnn is a counselor intern and understands that confidentiality is limited by

Which of the following is accurate regarding separation anxiety disorders?

As the leader of a group, you realize that you must intervene to stop an inappropriate discussion. You will use the technique of

As the MMPI was revised to form the MMPI-2, what major difference was made?

Which of the following approaches would be described as a type of self-instructional training focused on altering self-statements as a preventative measure?

A client is asking for your credentials as a counselor. She asks about third-party reimbursement which is a term pertinent to

In the person-centered group process, the initial stage is known as

Gazda created a Global Scale for Rating Helper Responses. In a situation where the client tells the counselor that she is so enormously conflicted about seeking a divorce primarily because of the effect it will have on their children, the counselor responds, “You’re blocked because so much rides on your decision.” This response is at which level on the Gazda scale?

Meta-analysis is a term used in research that refers to

An infant at the age of 16 months thrills the parents upon saying “dada” for the first time. This small unit of speech with meaning is a

Which of the following is true regarding Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis?

All of the following methods are recommended as ways of dealing with a group member’s hostile feelings EXCEPT:

In which decade did Thorndike formulate his “Law of Effect”?

Which of the following models of therapy allows its users to suggest a paradoxical intervention?

School districts across the country have made efforts to upgrade the quality of their counseling services by hiring more and more licensed professionals as diagnosticians and counselors. These educational systems use the term “main streaming” to refer to

According to Holland, which of the following terms is defined as the congruence of one’s view of self with occupational preference?

Going beyond the pure client-centered therapy developed by Rogers, current person-centered therapists are more likely to

Which population segment is experiencing the fastest growing increase in suicide?

Allow of the following are considered by Cormier and Hackney to be characteristics of effective counselors EXCEPT:

In an attempt to prompt clients to unravel neurotic patterns of behavior, which of the following answers correctly encompasses the concepts of reiteration of interpretations and the conquering of resistance?

Hans Eysenck developed a theory based on the belief that genes determine personality and he identified two dimensions of personality. Which of the following is one of those two dimensions?

Which of the following has a high likelihood of being involved in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions?

Tiedeman’s theory has been viewed with considerable importance in spite of its one major drawback, which is

When Liza seeks help because she is considering suicide, the therapist implements crisis intervention for the purpose of

Role theory provides a framework for studying human development. Each role requires a partnering role to complete its function. The superwomen complex is an example of

One definition of learning would be that it equals changes that

The technique which encourages a participant to give expression to one side of himself/herself that is rarely expressed is called

Assuming a test is considered to be a standardized test, which of the following is NOT true?

The first attempt to measure IQ was by the French psychologists Alfred Binet and Theophile Simon in

Bystander effect is best explained by

Kitchener defines nonmaleficence as

The term that best describes dysfunction that occurs in very cohesive groups and causes them to lose perspective in favor of solidarity is

When a child experiences their own unique experiences either with their own family members or with outsiders this is called ___________ environmental experiences.

Recognizing the essential heart of a message at both the feeling and thinking levels and succinctly summarizing client statements by addressing the core of the message is the skill termed as