NCE Study Mode #2

Which population segment is experiencing the fastest growing increase in suicide?

A person who believes that growth in an infant flows from the head downward including a differentiated pattern in size and weight would believe in a _________ pattern of growth.

When a child just begins to show knowledge of rules for word order in phrases and sentences, the child’s highest achievement of language is probably

Susan’s perception of objects relies on the environmental context that surrounds the object. The principle of perception that best applies is

Regarding Parten’s categories of social play, play that is interactive with little or no rules would be called

Which of the following answers most closely describes the term given to twins who develop from genetically dissimilar, separate eggs?

According to Kohlberg, at which of the following stages does an individual come to base their actions on universal principles as opposed to the rules of society?

Which of the following areas of development was the focus of Gesell’s model?

Havighurst believed that certain developmental tasks had to be effectively taught at appropriate times in life in order for the next task(s) to be mastered. Additionally, Havighurst believed that “teachable moments” allowed or promoted the development of needed skills. According to Havighurst, _______________ would guide an individual in acquiring appropriate skills at appropriate times.

Which term is usually used to describe Erikson’s identity versus role confusion stage?

Which of the following may occur during middle adulthood?

The Piagetian term for adult actions based on independent intentions in moral development is

Piaget used the term “practical intelligence” to describe the essence of this stage. Which of the following answers correctly labels that stage?

Maturation may be defined as changes that

Which of the following answers correctly gives Gilligan’s level at which children are preoccupied with their own needs?

All of the following statements are considered to be foundational components of cognitive theories except one. Which one is NOT such a statement?

Which of the following is probably true of a man in a “midlife crisis?”

Mark’s parents set strict rules, punish severely for infractions, and offer him no choices. Their parenting style is

Suppose your 14-year-old son, Caleb, is very fond of video games. When you tell him he can’t play video games since he has not hung up his clothes, what behavioral procedure are you attempting to utilize?

Which of the following statements most closely represents the label given to proponents that one’s genetic makeup is central to development?

According to Piaget, when a child realizes that a particular tool or object can be used for more than one purpose the child has attained which of the following stages?

A person who is extrinsically motivated, would most closely correlate to which stage of Kohlberg’s moral development theory?

Which of the following is true of classical conditioning?

During which stage of human development is there the highest activity level?

A name for the metabolic defect that causes intellectual disability in newborns is

Which of the following is NOT a type of crises described by most researchers?

One of the major differences between crisis intervention and traditional psychotherapy is

One important aspect to consider when planning therapeutic intervention is

Which of the following is NOT a difference between supervision and consultation?

A supervisor begins supervision with a therapist-in-training. She notices that the therapist is timid, unsure, and dependent on the supervisor. Which of the following statements would best reflect the developmental stage of the supervisee according to the Stoltenberg Model?

Work patterns of the 90s are outlined by nine paradoxes according to Fulmer. All of the following are examples of such paradoxes EXCEPT:

A certified public accountant would enjoy _____________ as a leisure activity according to the “compensatory” theory of leisure. On the other hand, the accountant would enjoy ______________ as a leisure activity according to the “spillover” theory of leisure.

According to Holland, which of the following terms is defined as the congruence of one’s view of self with occupational preference?

Which of the following activities is most beneficial for a counselor to do to prepare a client for occupational placement?

A pivotal concept in Tiedeman’s theory is differentiation, which he defines as

Schlossberg identifies three broad resources for coping with transition in retirement. They include each of the following EXCEPT:

Martha has found career counseling to be personally fulfilling yet she still finds, even after eight years in the profession, that she has trouble separating herself from emotional involvement with her clients. Martha is following Super’s theory of career development and is, therefore, not surprised to learn that one of her clients whom she has believed to be in the “Establishment” stage has

According to Super, which of the following answers correctly labeled these words: growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance, and decline?

Barbara Okun’s developmental theory centers around three life cycles and three life stages, each contingent on successful development in the previous. Her human relations counseling model identifies the three life cycles as being

Which theoretical constructs are brought together by Super’s life-span, life-space approach to career development?

Super’s life career rainbow is

Information processing theory in career development is the work of

John Holland’s typology theory has had great impact on career research, assessment, and counseling as it specifies six modal personal orientation themes which are represented in a hexagonal modal. His theory is best described as a

Career maturity is the

A computer-assisted vocational guidance system which assists individuals in a career decision-making process with emphasis on relating personal values to occupational choice is

The career theorist known for his six-stage process of career development tasks that covers the life span is

All of the following may be caused by a midlife crisis EXCEPT:

According to Super, career development

Since the Self-Directed Search is constructed as an instrument that can be self-administered, self-scored, and self-interpreted, a counselor should

The developmental theory that is known as the multiple approach, considered the most comprehensive of developmental theories, emphasizes self-concept, and uses a life-stage model for career transition was developed by

Vocational theories suggest that one’s occupational choices result in certain conditions being attained. Which of the following has not been associated with burnout?

Implications of social change, according to Hareven, include all of the following EXCEPT:

The primary means of suicide attempts by females is

Bem purports that people will function more effectively as androgynous individuals. Which of the following answers best describes the term androgyny?

Which of the following is considered a major symptom of suicide?

Carkhuff sees social change as

In January Bill and Karen celebrated the wedding of 33 year-old Wesjon to a young lady in their church fellowship. Bill and Karen took Wesjon into their home eight years ago and have treated him as a family member alongside of their son who is now fifteen. Axelson would describe this family’s eight-year set up as a/an

Rossi describes social change and its influence on the family. Her observations include all of the following EXCEPT:

The fastest growing population in the U.S. is the age group for

The number one factor in determining a minority is

A professional counselor who is interviewing a new female client is aware that the client’s cultural heritage gives her status with her child rearing responsibilities and religious affirmations. The counselor knows these characteristics are closely associated with

Which of the following is NOT considered a barrier to cross-cultural counseling?

A counselor must first do which of the following to accurately label a multi-cultural client’s behavior as normal or abnormal?

Effective cross-cultural counseling requires the counselor to be aware of the values of all of the following EXCEPT:

In the counseling environment, majority and minority cultures are distinguished by certain characteristics. The main factor in defining a minority is

Cindy’s counselor notices she bows her head when speaking, and seems to shy from physical contact such as shaking hands or a small pat on the arm. Cindy speaks very briefly about her family members being at risk for early death, but silence is the general rule in counseling sessions. The counselor’s cross-cultural training makes her aware that which of the following is a significant consideration in planning for counseling treatment intervention?

Which of the following statements would most likely be accurate regarding persons with personality disorders?

Regarding the treatment of childhood disorders, which of the following is true concerning family therapy?

The category “neurodevelopmental disorders” includes which of the following disorders?

When a person is dependent on a psychoactive drug, then that individual will show

All of the following are examples of a specific learning disorder EXCEPT:

Carrie, a 20-year old female client, is slim but within normal weight range. She tells her counselor of her fear of gaining weight and of her binge eating followed by ingestion of diuretics and over-the-counter diet pills. The counselor is justified in making a tentative diagnosis of

In somatic symptom disorder, the physical symptoms a patient experiences are thought to be caused by

A 30-year-old female approaches a counselor because she is having problems getting along with her husband. She has not been sleeping well for the last few weeks and cries easily for no reason. Upon questioning, the counselor discovers that the client has experienced periods of irritability for more days than not. She has never been hospitalized or attempted suicide. She complains of fatigue and poor concentration. These are symptoms of

The mental disorder that is associated with persistence in pulling out one’s hair is

Alfred draws a curve to represent the test scores obtained when his class takes a math final. He notices the median point of the curve has a flat kurtosis, and he refers to the flatness of the curve as being

If a researcher conducts a study that compares the attitudes of college students of all classifications (freshmen, sophomores, junior, and seniors) at one point in time, she is engaged in what kind of sampling?

All of the following are examples of tests of inferential statistics EXCEPT:

Which of the following answers correctly labels the type of research that evaluates the directional movement of variables?

The most commonly used measure of central tendency in interval and ratio scales is the

Suppose an experimenter times how long it takes two elephants to learn to sit on command. One elephant receives a special diet of peanut butter and jelly sandwiches while the other elephant receives the standard fare, elephant chow. The special diet in this study is the ________ variable.

The type of statistics used to show relationships between two variables is

The highest point of a normal distribution is represented by all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following measures of personality is most widely used with normal populations?

A culture-fair intelligence test that consists of 3 nonverbal tests and uses Spearman’s g factor is the

All of the following are developmental assessment measures EXCEPT:

On the MMPI-2, if the subject responds, “Cannot say” too many times which of the following is true?

Which of the following tests is a useful assessment of physically handicapped children and requires the child to match a picture with a word pronounced by the examiner?

In gathering information for diagnostic purposes, a counselor decides after several sessions to administer a personality inventory to a client, who the counselor feels demonstrates behaviors typical of antisocial behavior. The counselor will most likely choose to administer the

In test development, the index that gives the best indication of internal consistency is the

Michael visits his counselor weekly, and with each visit his behavior seems to indicate a significant degree of anxiety, self-doubt, and obsessive-compulsive tendencies, The counselor might predict, using this information only, that if Michael is given the MMPI-2 he will likely score

Regarding appraisal and assessment instruments in the field of counseling, which of the following would be considered the best definition of “reliability”?

A career interest inventory whose results are structured around Holland’s occupational model is the

In order to minimize the possibility that cultural, ethnic, or linguistic factors influence the estimate of intelligence being assessed on a child from another country who is not strong in English (which is her second language) the examiner rightly decides to give a non-verbal measure of intelligence. Which of the following scales would be an appropriate choice?

Which of the following is a true statement?

Heterogeneous tests measure

The basal age on the Stanford-Binet is the

When projective tests are compared to objective tests, a major advantage of objective tests is that they are

An aptitude assessment measure useful with deaf children is the

The creation of the scales of creativity was necessitated by a desire to

John comes to you for career exploration and consultation. At 35 years of age he has decided to consider changing fields. After several sessions to clarify his goals and interests, you decide to have him take the SII. Although he had to reschedule several times, he finally takes the SII two weeks after you had originally set it up. After his inventory is scored, the results indicate that his primary occupational theme is E. What answer below correctly states his auxiliary themes?

In life-space theory, relationships between people are represented by

Maslow, Carkhuff, Rogers, and others have assembled lists of those attributes they feel are necessary for the counselor’s self to be effective and in proper operating condition. Which quality below is NOT one of these?

Wolpe defined anxiety as

The Q-sort technique, a method discovered by William Stephenson that allows a therapist to quantify the effectiveness of therapy, was first used by which therapist?

Heroin was initially formulated to treat addiction to

Which two men tested the same strains of rats that had been bred through selective breeding, choosing the brightest (best maze runners) through more than eight generations? They drew different conclusions regarding the intelligence of these mice.

Which of the following is correct concerning object-relations therapy?

All of the following are NOT true regarding behavioral therapy EXCEPT that

Which of the following people is associated with release play therapy?

Gazda created a Global Scale for Rating Helper Responses. In a situation where the client tells the counselor that she is so enormously conflicted about seeking a divorce primarily because of the effect it will have on their children, the counselor responds, “You’re blocked because so much rides on your decision.” This response is at which level on the Gazda scale?

Techniques such as coping statements, shame attacks, cognitive rehearsal, and homework would most likely be used by which group therapy approach?

Preoccupation with tasks or goals as opposed to self, strong personal values, realistic perception of world, a tolerance for truth, and spontaneity are all characteristics of

BASIC ID stands for seven factors or modalities that in combination make up the basic personality of the individual. In planning for interventions, a therapist must assess and plan for each of the modalities by

Which of the following is recognized as being a problem in evaluating psychotherapy?

According to psychoanalytic theory, the greatest influence on personality comes from

Humanistic theory can be seen in which of the following approaches to helping a client reach full human potential?

The theorist who developed the concepts of birth trauma and primal anxiety is

According to Jung, people experience their worlds either very concretely through the senses or more subjectively through gaining an overall impression of what is happening. This polarity is measured on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as

Crisis intervention begins with

All of the following are levels of awareness in Freudian theory EXCEPT:

A client describes his fear of dying and states that he keeps very busy in order to not have to think or feel how much he is terrorized about eventually having to die. This defense mechanism is

Which of the following people is considered a key figure in developing American child guidance clinics where children and parents are worked with in a group setting?

A carpenter comes to you for help since he cannot keep a job due to his fear of spiders. When he sees a spider he has a panic attack and has to leave the job. You decide to use Systematic Desensitization which uses counter-conditioning or a counter-condition (relaxation training) to an anxiety-provoking stimuli (the spiders). You refer him to a colleague who specializes in relaxation training and your client learns to relax on cue! Then, with the client’s goal being, “I would keep a job!” you set out 20 steps to reaching that goal. Somewhere in the process of completing the homework assignments (perhaps step 5) he’ll begin to feel anxious. “What did you do?” “I started to relax just like Dr. Simpson you referred me to taught me!” “Did it work?” “It worked like a charm – I calmed myself right down!” At step #13 you ask him to imagine being at work, turning over a board and finding a nest of black web weavers. Then at step #18 you stop by a pet store and pick up several non-poisonous tarantulas and have them in your office by your chair. While you are talking you reach down, flip the lid off, and throw those tarantulas on his lap AND HE HAS A PANIC ATTACK. Which of the following answers most accurately describes the entire process of successfully completing one step in the overall process?

Humanistic psychology is growth-oriented and developed as an offspring to existential theory. While they both emphasize freedom, capability, and responsibility of the individual to make conscious choices in search for life meaning, they are also different. As the existentialist focuses on anxiety and relationships in the experiential world, a humanist focuses on

Which of the following answers most correctly includes techniques vital to the psychoanalytic model of therapy?

In the Trait and Factor approach, the primary task of the counselor is to

During a session with Jan in which she has bemoaned her horrible circumstances and has stated that she has definitely decided to become a mother, that it is her right, you respond, “Jan, your life goal seems to be to indulge your wants more than to genuinely connect with others. Tell me, what values and premises underlie your thinking?” This intervention is typical of a/an _______________ approach.

Famous behaviorists include all of the following EXCEPT:

The Adlerian perspective of human nature suggests that people are creative, unitary, active, and decisional. However, early in life they may have developed mistaken self-perceptions that lead to styles of life that are less than encouraging. The Adlerian therapist may use this perspective in which of the following ways?

Kacy is a 9 year old girl who enjoys performing. As part of her weekly routine, she is expected to take piano lessons from her grandmother who is an accomplished pianist (and who also pays Kacy for each lesson). Last week Kacy had a rough day at school and came home in a bad mood, refusing to cooperate or participate in the piano lessons. Kacy’s mother, Elaine, decided, as on other occasions, that the piano lesson was to be participated in and, therefore, began telling Kacy that she would loose privileges such as her stereo, telephone time, and TV time. Kacy was nonplussed and did not have the desired attitude adjustment. Elaine then added that Kacy would also have to attend her brother’s baseball game but sit in the car during the game (which would mean that Kacy would not be able to socialize with her numerous friends at the ballpark). Kacy immediately put a smile on her face and asked her grandmother to begin the piano lesson. Which of the following answers most closely correlates to the principle that describes Kacy’s transformation?

Joseph Wolpe is most noted for his work in treating phobias and the therapy he developed called

Bruce is a 56-year-old depressed department store manager who has sought treatment from you for the past several months. Since your chosen treatment modality is characteristic of Beck’s cognitive-behavioral therapy, which of the following statements would be typically correct?

Terms such as cognitive behavior modification, stress-inoculation training, and cognitive restructuring are associated most with

Erwin has come to you for counseling. Since he claims to suffer from male erectile disorder, the first step in his therapy is to

With regard to the treatment of mild cases of major depression, evidence suggests that

Woody’s mom takes him to a therapist to see what can be done about his fear of the dark. The therapist places Woody in a room with the therapist, then blocks out all light after preparing him for the event. Woody is kept in total darkness until his fears begin to subside. This procedure is called

The main result of any type of aversion therapy with alcoholics appears to be

A counselor associated with a pain treatment clinic is having to justify her treatment choices to the clinic physician. The counselor explains that she has chosen a treatment approach in which a person is taught to influence his or her own physiological processes. This treatment approach is known as

Cognitive therapy was developed by

During informed consent the counselor needs to accomplish all but which of the following?

A counselor sits in a relaxed posture, faces and leans toward the client, establishes eye contact, and uses open body language. The counselor behavior is an example of which communication skill?

The demonstration of unconditional positive regard is most likely seen as being a result of which of the following?

Effective counselors possess the core traits of empathy, warmth, and genuineness. The core dimension of warmth is best reflected in which statement?

All of the following are differences between family therapy and individual counseling EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT an attitude of a healthy couple?

According to Bowen, it is vital that the therapist remain

You ask a client this question, “Was there ever a time that you didn’t experience anxiety about being alone?” Which of the following answers most closely represents an accurate description of this type of question if your orientation is as a solution focused counselor?

The Cartwright family is participating in structural family therapy in an effort to correct their youngest son’s psychological problems. In structural family therapy

The behavioral balance within a family is termed what?

Following the Bowen model, once a therapist identifies the symptom in a family system, she will begin working with which individual?

The therapy technique of providing contextual holding for family members is utilized by which family therapy model?

Boundaries that are impermeable are known as ____________.

The Smith family has a meeting, and members decide to switch their chore responsibilities for a much needed change in routine. Such a change within family structure is called

Which of the following answers most accurately describes boundaries within a family that produce very little interaction between family members because each is barely connected with other family members?

Ginny’s mom is constantly sending messages to her that seem to align her against her father. According to Minuchin, the term for this process is

Because Whitaker believed that theories limited a therapists creativity and spontaneity, which of the following would most accurately describe the two main techniques of his model?

Which of the following answers is the correct term for a technique of gathering information about multiple family members from at least three past generations?

During consultation, a consultee begins to share personal issues related to marital difficulties she is experiencing. The consultant addresses this by saying that his role as consultant is to help improve the job performance of the consultee. The main ethical issue in this case is

Culture looks backwards to what worked in the past and may create __________ to change in the present.

In his later work, Caplan

Outpatient therapy groups have proven more successful for certain types of clients. Which of the following clients would make the best candidate for inclusion in such a group?

In the person-centered group process, the initial stage is known as

The group leader type as identified by Knowles and Knowles that tends to produce groups with the least productivity is

Recognizing the essential heart of a message at both the feeling and thinking levels and succinctly summarizing client statements by addressing the core of the message is the skill termed as

A counseling group that has met on 9 occasions brings situations from the outer environment into the group experience for discussion and new ways of making choices in the world. When the group takes what is learned and applies it to personal experiences, it is best described as

The members in Diane’s counseling group express great satisfaction in being able to help each other find meaning in life’s experiences that leads to change. Such a therapeutic condition is described best by the term

In psychodrama, the director is

Yalom asserted that these curative factors are the most complex.

The tenants of group counseling generally assume that when members feel threatened by the group, these threatened members will most likely

When conflict occurs within the group setting, the professional counselor understands that the conflict

Which of the following responses would NOT be a key principle of psychodrama groups?

Adult development is described by several major models. Which model names the approach in which life events happen in fixed sequence and are related to chronological age?

Person-centered group stages include all of the following EXCEPT:

All of the following would be considered a function of a group leader, depending on the type of group involved. Which best describes the involvement of the leader in an existential group?

Adult counseling groups are considered to be at their optimal size when they report having _________ members.

The foundational principle of a group is generally accepted to be

Groups exhibit predictable characteristics as they near termination. One such characteristic is that

According to Benne and Sheats, group task roles move the group toward their goals and include all of the following EXCEPT:

The period of self-disclosure and integration is descriptive of the

According to Corey, an effective group leader takes several factors into consideration in preparing a group. All of the following are important processes in group preparation EXCEPT:

Which state was the first state to license counselors?

A key point of Public Law 94-142 is

In the earliest years of counseling, the primary emphasis was on

Jack is working with a female client who is angry about her husband’s sexual unfaithfulness. Jack shares the personal story of his wife’s unfaithfulness and their subsequent divorce. What is the ethical concern associated with this self-disclosure?

Mary is seeing you because she is having trouble adjusting to her youngest child going to college. She’s having trouble sleeping and is becoming moody and depressed. Her husband calls you and wants to know what you and Mary talked about in your last session. You refuse to tell to him; he insists, however, that since he is paying the bill, he is entitled to know. You would NOT be bound by confidentiality if

Which perspective equips the counselor to be sensitive to physical, social, and psychological influences on the client’s mental health?

A licensee’s daughter has a best friend whose mother contacts the licensee to request counseling for her daughter. The licensee knows her daughter’s friend well, as the friend has been over to the licensee’s house on numerous occasions and has been included in many family events. Based on this information, the licensee should

Ten years ago, when you were 24, you dated a man for about 3 months. During that time the two of you never had sexual intercourse but the sexual chemistry was intense. You broke up because an old girlfriend came back into his life and you were entering a graduate program so you were ambivalent about continuing the relationship. This week, this man calls you for an appointment explaining that you know him better than anyone and also that he trusts you completely to work with him. Just hearing him on the phone stimulates your sexuality. Ethically you must

Bill has a rare form of incurable bone cancer that causes unremitting pain. Bill has decided to end his life. You and Bill have worked effectively together for over a year and Bill asks you to be available to him during his last few days. Which of the following choices allows you to ethically and therapeutically fulfill your responsibilities to Bill?

A counselor who is a managed care provider is seeing a client for work-related stress. The managed care company allotted eight sessions for treatment. By the sixth session, the therapist realizes the need for additional sessions and so notifies managed care of his recommendation. The client is refused the additional sessions. During the week leading up to his last session, the client has a number of setbacks that include being in a car accident. Though no one was hurt in the accident, the client is still very distraught. Which of the following would NOT be an ethical response from the counselor?

The legal term that best describes misconduct or wrongdoing in one’s professional capacity is

At a party of a mutual friend, a mother of a teenager meets a licensed counselor. During their conversation, the mother reveals that her teenage son seems to be very angry lately and has threatened to run away. The mother is not sure whether or not to take the threats seriously. The counselor, during the conversation, casually states that many times teenagers say things or make threats they know will upset their parents, but never do follow through with them. A week later the teenager runs away. Is the counselor guilty of malpractice?

Multicultural competencies may be defined as