NCE Study Mode #6

Michael, a 30-year-old man, has obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with debilitating rituals. What is a primary focus in his treatment plan?

Matthew, a 55-year-old man, is diagnosed with major depressive disorder and struggles with low energy and anhedonia. What is a key component of his treatment plan?

Susan, a 45-year-old woman, experiences severe panic attacks. What should be a key component of her treatment plan?

Maria, a 35-year-old woman, is struggling with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a traumatic event. What should be a primary focus in her treatment plan?

David, a 40-year-old man, is diagnosed with major depressive disorder and severe sleep disturbances. What is a key aspect of his treatment plan?

Rachel, a 50-year-old woman, has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and constant worry. What should be a primary goal in her treatment plan?

In the context of treatment planning, what does the acronym SMART stand for?

Emily, a 25-year-old woman, presents with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by contamination fears. What is a primary goal in her treatment plan?

What is a potential limitation of using the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) in treatment planning?

Deprivation dwarfism best describes the condition when

The person who proposed the theory of LAD, or language acquisition device, is

Included in Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development is

One definition of learning would be that it equals changes that

When the sex chromosome, or gamete, is missing a chromosome (45), causing physical abnormalities such as short stature and webbed neck, but without intellectual disability, the syndrome most likely present is

Allport’s personality theory utilizes the term cardinal trait to mean

According to Kohlberg, at which of the following stages does a person center their interactions with others around their own self-centeredness?

According to Loevinger, it is at the _____________ stage that a person is most concerned with self-fulfillment and role definition?

Which of the following answers most accurately describes the behavioral oriented model based on Thorndike’s work?

Which of the following answers most closely represents the stage in Erikson’s theory that correlates with Freud’s genital stage?

During which of the following stages of adult development, according to Havighurst, would an individual start needing to learn to adapt to physical changes?

According to Freud’s theory, the Oedipus complex indicates

Guthrie postulated habits could indeed be broken. Which of the following answers is NOT one of the ways or methods he suggested habits could be broken?

Gilligan, like Kohlberg, believed that moral reasoning progresses through distinct stages that build on one another. Instead of six stages, Gilligan suggested that there were only three phases of female moral development. Which of the following answers states correctly one of those three levels?

Which of the following is the source of sexual energy in Freud’s system?

Which of the following terms is not typically associated with operant conditioning?

Empty nest syndrome describes parents who feel loss and emptiness when children leave home. Most parents whose children leave home report

Physical changes in late adulthood may include all of the following EXCEPT:

Mary Ainsworth developed a study called the Strange Situation in which infants were observed as they were put through a calculated series of introductions, separations, and reunions with their primary caregiver and an adult stranger. Which of the following answers correctly describes the type of attachment when the baby avoids direct contact with the caregiver?

Which of the following behavior therapy techniques is founded on the principles of classical conditioning?

The normal human cell contains

Chemical substances that carry neural impulses from one neuron to another and affect brain activity are called

Edna is an 81 year old woman with 2 children, 7 grandchildren, and 23 great-grandchildren. Which of the following answers would most closely represent a accurate statement?

A mouse in a Skinner box quickly learns to push a knob to turn off an electric shock. This demonstrates the effects of a procedure called

Laura is an attractive adolescent who was recently spurned by her first true boyfriend and who as a consequence has started sucking her thumb a good deal. According to Freud, the term that best describes this type of personality development is

According to most authorities on crisis intervention, the average time span for a crisis is generally up to

One of the main purposes of crisis treatment is to

All of the following are goals of Demobilization EXCEPT:

The developmental model of supervision which includes the three levels of stagnation, confusion, and integration is the

The most important reason for use of various methods of counselor training, such as the use of video-taping, is to provide a means to

Which of the following emphasized the process of supervision as actually a modified form of therapy?

Adults seeking career counseling services see which piece of information as the most vital?

Fulmer identifies nine paradoxes of social change for the 90s that affected work patterns. The following are included in the nine paradoxes EXCEPT:

Gelatt’s theory prompts the individual to consider which of the following questions in its final step?

The two factor theory uses the term hygienes to describe

You have applied for a position as a career counselor with a large company. After extensive interviews, you have agreed to enter into a trial employment period to give both you and your employer the opportunity to decide if this is a good match. When one of your clients, an employee of the company, begins to exhibit psychotic behavior, the possibility of career counseling with this individual disappears. Which of the following answers best describes what your next step should be?

A counselor who focuses on life-stage transition points in career counseling is using which of the following approaches?

E.G. Williamson’s directive counseling includes the six consecutive steps of:

According to Tiedeman, which of the following answers is the term used to encompass the steps of induction, reformation, and integration?

Maslow arranged

If a counselor holds to Roe’s theories, the counselor will believe that a strong determinant of career choice is

Present levels of developed abilities are assessed mainly by tests called

Using Holland’s hexagonal model of six modal personal orientation themes, a counselor administers the Self-Directed Search to a client and discovers that the client’s strongest orientation is artistic. The two adjacent types to artistic are

Frank Parsons developed a three-part formula for career selection which includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Proficiencies or specific skills are measured on tests called

The theorist who emphasizes self-concept to match self to occupation (vocational self-concept) and to integrate life style with stages of development is

A woman attends a local college to receive training in computer programming, then begins employment with a great company and moves up the ranks quickly. She then says “yes” to her fiancé’s marriage proposal, and they marry. As part of their agreement, she continues with her career while managing all of the duties of a homemaker. Her career pattern, according to Super, is best described as

Successful completion of developmental tasks through vocational life stages is referred to by Crites as

The publication that provides an index of job titles by SOC/DOT codes and is published every two years by the U.S. Department of Labor is the

Krumboltz identified several types of problems that can arise from faulty self-observation, generalizations, or inaccurate interpretation of environmental conditions. All of the following are examples of such a problem EXCEPT:

Chartrand indicated that contemporary models of __________ approaches have evolved into “person x environment” approaches.

The American work ethic has gone through several major different strains in its history. Which of these is NOT among them?

The man who developed SIGI is

The developmental theorist who emphasized decision-making in career development and ego identity in cognitive development is

Mary’s family belongs to the largest minority group in the U.S. She is at a higher risk for diabetes and death by homicide. Sue, however, has a strong sense of loyalty to family and ethnic group. She views direct eye contact as disrespectful. Sue is most characteristic of which minorities group?

One of Bob’s clients has just admitted molesting his 6-year-old daughter. This abuse of his daughter has apparently spanned the last three years. Bob wants the treatment of this client to continue successfully so Bob realizes that he must be aware of both his verbal and nonverbal communications with his client. This awareness of both verbal and nonverbal communications is important because

A definition of “acculturation” would be

A professional counselor may decide the best approach to treatment intervention for a particular client requires an autoplastic process for change. This means

When people of one culture give up their cultural characteristics and traditions to blend with the macro-culture, it is sometimes called

With regards to women in the workplace, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

Characteristics assigned to a specific gender by the culture are best referred to as

A counselor tells the client to change the way that the client thinks about what is happening in the family context. This process of change is described as

Which theorist developed the triad model for training cross-cultural therapists?

Which of the following stages in the development of the homosexual lifestyle would occur first?

Jane is a single-parent mother with two teenage children. Two years ago she asked two divorced women to live with her family. Then, just last year, Jane remodeled the garage to enable a single women with a new baby to move in also. Which of the following answers correctly describes this household?

Paula gave birth to a healthy baby boy a few weeks ago. Now she is having a mild attack of the blues. Which of the following is probably true of this attack?

Carlos was hit in the head by a line drive in a baseball game and rendered unconscious. He can expect to

Which of the following personality disorders best describes a person with symptoms that appear by the early 20s that include an enduring pattern of self-admiration and need for others’ admiration, grandiose feelings about self and lack of empathy for others?

An infant who has been functioning normally until about age 6 months, begins to lose hand skills, social skills, and coordination. These are signs of what disorder?

Sammy is 11 years old. For six weeks he has refused to attend school in order to stay home with his mother; he has been clinging to his mother and often complains of stomachaches. A probable diagnosis would be

A young child develops speech problems that seem to get worse with age. This may best be an indication of a

Compulsions are

A summative scale used to gather information for scales of measurement is the

Correlation is _________ condition for causality.

A vertical line, indicating the true limit of each score, is drawn with the x-axis representing scores and y-axis representing frequency. The resulting graph consists of touching rectangles and is commonly called a

Generalizations within a study and within study design refer to

When establishing a random sample for research, if all subjects have an equal chance of being selected, as in every 4th person, the type of sampling is

As the standard deviation of a group of scores decreases

The number of stanines in a normal distribution is

Which of the following usually exclusively integrates various assessment tools?

The personality inventory that consists of 210 paired statements with forced choice answers of “most like me” or “least like me” is the

Which of the following would describe a normative rather than an ipsative test?

Burt, Vernon, and Humphreys are generally associated with the

What type of test is the NCE (the National Counselor Exam)?

Byron is researching the use of computers in psychological testing. He has discovered that computer applications in this field

Which of the following scales of the MMPI-2 describes a person with unusual thoughts as well as peculiar bodily dysfunction?

Compared with individual tests of intelligence, group intelligence tests

Which of the following “makes” an objective test objective?

Intelligence tests are classified as

Which of the following scales on the MMPI-2 would describe a person who is highly egotistic, energetic, and irritable?

A counselor is discussing the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale with a colleague, and the term basal level comes up. Basal level refers to

Which of the following answers correctly describes the method of evaluating test items based on the percentage of participants who give the correct answer to a specific test question?

A colleague is requesting information about a test that he/she is not familiar with. You are not familiar with the test either but you know you can probably learn about the test in a reference book written by

All of the following contain verbal, performance, and full scale IQ scores EXCEPT:

Rhonda is a math teacher and is teaching her students about SEM. Which of the answers below most closely correlates to an accurate statement about a student who scored a 92 on a test with a SEM of 4?

A counselor is looking for an interest assessment measure for a 10th grader who needs guidance in choosing a vocation. Since the student has no plans for college, the counselor’s best choice might be:

As a counselor you are trying to determine which test to administer to a particular client. You are comparing appropriate age ranges associated with the varying tests and find that norms for the WAIS-III extend over which of the following age ranges?

Which of the following tests would NOT be used to assess learning disabilities?

The belief that environmental factors greatly influence the development of personality, can best be described by which theoretical perspective?

Which of the following has a high likelihood of being involved in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions?

All of the following are NOT central to Adlerian goals EXCEPT:

“On a scale of 1-10 how would you describe your anxiety about taking the licensing exam?” would be illustrative of which of the following?

Identifying problems, setting goals, and acting to reach those goals are stages of counseling according to

Who coined the term “cultural relativity,” meaning that human behavior can only understood and evaluated within the context of its cultural environment?

McCrae and Costa have made significant contributions to the five-factor theory of personality based on five major dimensions that categorize individual traits. Which of the following does NOT represent those dimensions?

Client: I am about to lose my job and I won’t be able to pay my bills. I don’t know if I can stand it or not. Counselor: Your job has been good for you hasn’t it? Client: Well, uh, I guess I’ll really miss this job more than just the money. Counselor: I would feel the same way. In terms of Carkhuff’s 5-point Scale for Assessing Facilitative Interpersonal Counseling, how would you rate the above counselor’s response?

Which of the following are identified by Kobasa as major elements of psychological hardiness?

Wolpe asserted that conditions which predispose an individual to neuroses include

Two main categories of traits, according to Gordon Allport, are

Factors important to effective punishment include all of the following EXCEPT:

Individual psychology was formulated by

Marvin, a 35-year-old man living in New Orleans, has been promoted into a position that requires occasional speaking in front of small groups. The prospect of having to make such presentations greatly frightens him and has him rethinking his acceptance of the new position. He has even considered telling his wife that he has decided to ask his boss for his old job back. Marvin has a friend that has suggested he seek out a counselor to take him through a systematic desensitization procedure. The first step in such a procedure would be to

Exaggerated exposure to very unpleasant stimuli in imagined form is utilized to extinguish anxiety in

In Jungian analysis, the animal instincts are the basis for immorality, aggression, and passion and are referred to by the term

A basic truth regarding Beck’s cognitive-behavioral therapy is that it

Lou approaches each of his clients with the goal of matching his approach and techniques to the needs and capacity of each of his individual clients. Lou’s approach is said to be

Observational learning theories use the term model to refer to all of the following EXCEPT:

Traits that are unique to the individual are distinguished by three types in Allport’s trait theory. Which of the following reflect those three types?

Surveys have revealed that the most stressful client behavior is

One of the principles upon which Perls based his theory of Gestalt Therapy is to

Dollard and Miller combined concepts from psychoanalysis, behavioral, and social-cultural theory to arrive at their eclectic perspective. As a part of their theory, they identified conflict underlying neurosis as being all of the following EXCEPT:

For the rational emotive behavioral therapist, therapy for a client will be considered completed when the client

The terms unfinished business, resistance, peeling of an onion, phony layer, empty chair, exaggeration and rehearsal are typically used in

All of the following are false regarding REBT EXCEPT that it

Which of the following would be an accurate statement regarding behavioral contracting?

The early stages of an antisocial disorder are so similar to which of the following conditions that it is difficult, if not impossible, to distinguish between the two?

According to the behavioral/learning theory based on personal constructs, the freedom of individuals to choose their personal constructs, which in turn, guide their behavior, is called

The existential approach would NOT champion

Workers receive bonuses on a random, unpredictable basis and for unpredictable amounts, Their boss uses what type of reinforcement?

Which of the following is NOT among standard psychoanalytic procedures?

The role of the counselor who uses gestalt techniques in therapy is

The underlying assumption of humanistic-existential therapies is that

Todd is receiving treatment for his anxiety. His therapist utilizes systematic desensitization to alleviate the anxiety. Therefore, Todd will be exposed to the fearful stimulus

Archetypes are ancestral experiences of all of human history that seek outward expression and are found in the psyche component called the

Effective counselors, according to Cormier and Hackney, have certain qualities that include all of the following EXCEPT:

Kottler designates the most common negative consequence experienced by counselors and sometimes caused by tedious work tasks, isolation, overload, and non-reciprocated giving to be

Which of the following impacts communications the most strongly?

You are supervising the work of several individuals who hold temporary certificates in the field of professional counseling. One of these counselors in particular appears to be “seeing himself” in certain group members and is therefore over-empathizing with them. He is doing this to the point that he is losing effectiveness in his work with his clients. This counselor, according to Freudian terminology, is experiencing

Effective usage of questioning techniques is a must for successful counselors. Select the question that seems MOST likely to build rapport and to clarify the clients’ understanding of an issue.

All of the following are essential skills for a professional counselor according to Meier and Davis EXCEPT:

A nonjudgmental attitude toward the client is best reflected in the term

The role of the person-centered therapist is to facilitate the individual toward self-exploration and fulfillment. Rogers believes that the most essential attribute of a therapist is

Choose the statement which is an example of a confrontation made by an empathic yet facilitative counselor?

The concept of identifying people based on their independence-of-self from others is called

Using the language of the Narrative model, what term describes successes in a problem-saturated story?

Stuart’s behavioral marital therapy makes use of a precounseling inventory that includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following answers most correctly includes techniques vital to Bowen’s family systems therapy?

Self-governing rules continue in families throughout the life of the family. There are also certain rules about the rules, sometimes called directives that exist for changing and interpreting the rules. Those directives in family system terms are

The launching phase of family system stages refers to

When a family goes for counseling treatment, they also take along a few other close family friends and relatives. The therapeutic technique is probably

Which of the following answers refers to the process of two people locked in conflict involving a third person as a way of “resolving” their own conflict?

Which of the following answers correctly defines the family type that is typified by family members being unable to separate themselves emotionally from other family members?

Satir used which of the following to allow family members without access to previous generations to make sense out of past experiences?

Boszormenyi-Nagy developed a family therapy that includes the concepts of legacy, unsettled accounts, family ledger, and trust. His approach is called

Which of the following answers correctly defines the family type that is typified by family members being emotionally cut off from other family members?

Which of the following answers correctly defines the type of boundary typified by family members acting autonomously with no interdependence on other family members?

Which of the following did Satir use with couples to allow them to view their disowned parts and have the opportunity to integrate them as well as to allow perspective to possible conflicts with their spouse?

The administration of a community agency hires a consultant to evaluate employee performance, to evaluate organizational functioning, and to recommend changes in both personnel and policies. The employees were told only that the consultant was hired to help the administration and employees to communicate more effectively. What is the main ethical issue involved in this situation?

Suit for damages under tort law would possibly not include any of the following EXCEPT:

A professional counselor requests a consultation with an expert in the area of family therapy. The counselor seeks help in knowing the best course of action to take with a particular family who has a member diagnosed with anorexia. Who is the consultee in this case?

Within the group setting, various techniques and strategies are used to promote the desired ends. What technique is a leader using when he/she makes a connection between a problem or predicament of one member and a problem or predicament of another member?

When members have been assisted in sorting out conflicting and confused feelings and thoughts and have been helped to arrive at a meaningful understanding of what is being communicated, the leader has been using the skill known as

None of the following individuals would be considered a good candidate for inclusion in an outpatient therapy group EXCEPT:

One of Yalom’s nine reasons for group dropouts is

Which of the following approaches would be described as a type of self-instructional training focused on altering self-statements as a preventative measure?

The group you have been leading has proven to be especially effective. You now wonder why you were apprehensive about leading this group; yet it was your first foray into group leadership. As the group leader, you knew that your responsibilities include all of the following EXCEPT:

In dealing with analytic groups, counselors recognize the final stage of that particular type of group as consisting of

As different techniques are considered for a behaviorally-oriented group, the appropriately chosen technique to change behavior would result from

When REBT is used in groups the approach can best be characterized as

Brad is 35 years old and contemplating proposing marriage to Rebecca. The task for Brad according to Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development is to

One group model particularly instructs clients in how to recognize the games they play to avoid intimacy, the ego state in which they are functioning in a given transaction, and the self-defeating aspects of early decisions and adopted life plans. Such a group would be characterized as being based upon

The demonstration of which of the following skills helps members devise alternative courses of thinking and action?

Which type of personal growth group is associated with the names of Carl Rogers and Esalen?

All of the following roles are held by the leader in a psychodrama group EXCEPT:

The 1940s saw two associations or organizations formed to guide and promote the development of group therapy. One of these was the

Which of the following therapy models uses the technique of assertiveness training?

A significant difference between group therapy and group counseling would be distinguished in

Yalom describes eleven therapeutic factors or experiences that he believes represent conditions or means for change in groups. Those factors are hope, universality, altruism, information, family group, cohesion, catharsis, existential factors, and

Which skill is a group leader employing when he or she uses similar but different words to clarify what a member has said and means?

The nonverbal attending behavior of a group leader serves to

Which of the following legal acts or litigation particularly pertains to professional counseling?

Which organization currently approves standards for doctoral programs in counselor education?

Don and Betty Haverland have two children. The younger of the two, Sarah, was accidentally hit in the head with a golf club while she and her brother, Tom, were playing. The injury was quite severe and was suspected of causing some degree of brain damage. When Sarah later developed problems in school, the Haverland’s attorney suggested obtaining a copy of her educational records. Because they were considering a law-suit against the school district for intentionally withholding Sarah’s educational progress, the Haverland’s

Claudia has recently opened an office for her new practice. She has advertised in the local newspapers and has placed a small display ad in the yellow pages along with telling her colleagues of her availability. Shortly thereafter, a colleague calls Claudia asking if she is willing to take a former client on as a client. In the conversation, the colleague reveals to Claudia that this client will not usually offer to pay for the counseling services until she is forced to. How should Claudia ethically handle this with the new client?

All of the following principles are reflected in the Ethical Standards of professional counselors EXCEPT: